Newsletter 764 | August 3rd, 2026

Welcome to the 764th Critical Care Reviews Newsletter, bringing you the best critical care research and open access articles from across the medical literature over the past seven days.
The highlights of this week's edition are randomised controlled trials on dapagliflozin and acute kidney injury following cardiac surgery & prone positioning in infants with acute bronchiolitis; systematic reviews and meta analyses on anabolic androgen therapy in critically ill adults & albumin for people with liver cirrhosis and bacterial infections; and observational studies on rocuronium dose and first-attempt intubation success in the critically ill & video versus direct laryngoscopy for tracheal intubation in trauma.
There are also guidelines on acute-on-chronic liver failure & candidemia and invasive candidiasis; narrative reviews on antiseizure medication dosing and monitoring in the intensive care unit & mechanical ventilation – physiology, mechanism and modes; editorials on oxygen exposure in patients with brain injury: beyond static thresholds & questions that remain for Impella use in ST-elevation myocardial infarction; and commentaries on interpreting protein dose trials in critical illness & optimizing endpoints in early phase clinical trials of acute respiratory distress syndrome.
If you only have time to read one review article this week, try this one on twenty-five years of septic shock hemodynamic resuscitation trials: a conceptual perspective.
Critical Care Reviews Blog
Our latest blog was published last week - The Nothing-to-Lose Fallacy.
Research
Randomised Controlled Trials
- Oosterom-Eijmael. Dapagliflozin and Acute Kidney Injury Following Cardiac Surgery. A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA 2026;epublished July 30th
- Baudin. Prone Positioning in Infants With Acute Bronchiolitis. The PROPOSITIS Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA 2026;336(4):315-322
- Liley. Erythropoietin for neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA Pediatr. 2026;epublished July 27th.
- Li. Long-Term Sedation Effect of Cipepofol Compared to Dexmedetomidine in Patients Receiving Invasive Mechanical Ventilation: A Multicenter, Randomized, Open-Label, Parallel-Controlled Study. Adv Ther. 2026;43(8):3599-3615
- Singla. Phase 2b Trial of a NaV1.8 Inhibitor for Acute Pain. N Engl J Med. 2026;395(5):454-464.
- Bhardwaj. Neonatal Extubation Failure Prevention Trial Using Nebulised Epinephrine (NEPTUNE): A Randomized Controlled Trial. Indian Pediatr. 2026;63(8):541-546
- Liu. Olanzapine versus low-dose dexmedetomidine for delirium in patients with critical illness: a randomized clinical trial. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2026;212(8):1845-1848
- Pælestik. Positive End-Expiratory Pressure, Tidal Volume, and Fraction of Inspired Oxygen During General Anaesthesia in High-Risk Patients—A Randomised Clinical Feasibility Trial. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand. 2026;70(8):e70309
- Murcia-Gubianas . Early inhaled isoflurane sedation in neurocritical patients with invasive intracranial pressure monitoring: the NEURO-CONDA randomized pilot trial. Crit Care. 2026;30(1):388
- Gerard . Bayesian analysis of the early cold stored platelet transfusion following severe injury randomized clinical trial. Trauma Surg Acute Care Open. 2026;11(3):e002145
- Zhao. Micro-axial flow pump vs veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for high-risk percutaneous coronary interventions: a randomized trial. Eur Heart J. 2026;epublished July 29th
- Creutzfeldt. Facilitating communication for family members of critically ill patients during and following a hospital stay: a randomized controlled trial. Crit Care Med. 2026;epublished July 22nd
Systematic Reviews & Meta Analyses
- Blaskovits. Anabolic androgen therapy in critically ill adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Crit Care. 2026;96:155687. doi:10.1016/j.jcrc.2026.155687
- Soliman. Balanced Crystalloids versus Normal Saline for Initial Fluid Resuscitation in Diabetic Ketoacidosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. J Crit Care Med. 2026;12(3):328-341
- Taniguchi. Noninvasive respiratory support strategies in chest trauma: A systematic review and network meta-analysis. J Trauma Acute Care Surg. 2026;101(2):340-347
- Soliman. Balanced crystalloids versus normal saline for initial fluid resuscitation in diabetic ketoacidosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. J Crit Care Med 2026;12(3):328-341
- Taniguchi. Noninvasive respiratory support strategies in chest trauma: a systematic review and network meta-analysis. J Trauma Acute Care Surg. 2026;101(2):340-347
- Simonetti. Albumin for people with liver cirrhosis and bacterial infections. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2026;7:CD014636
- Qin. High-flow nasal therapy vs noninvasive ventilation for post-extubation patients at high risk of reintubation: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Arch Bronconeumol. 2026;62(8):548-556
- Khan. Efficacy and safety of prehospital whole blood resuscitation in traumatic haemorrhagic shock: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Am J Emerg Med. 2026;109:229-237
- Csőke-Kabai. Timing of hypothermic temperature control does not affect neurological outcomes after cardiac arrest: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Intensive Care Med Exp. 2026;14:96
- Semione. Aggressive versus conservative blood pressure reduction in acute intracerebral hemorrhage: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Crit Care Med. 2026;epublished July 22nd
- Salcedo-Campos. Intensive vs. moderate fluid resuscitation in acute pancreatitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2026;49(7):502715
- Zou. Comparing the efficacy and safety of nafamostat mesylate versus citrate for anticoagulation in continuous renal replacement therapy: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Med (Lausanne). 2026;13:1831023
Observational Studies
- April. Rocuronium dose and first-attempt intubation success in the critically ill: secondary analysis of two multicenter trials. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2026;212(8):1740-1749. doi:10.1093/ajrccm/aamag203
- Dresen. Pre- and Immediate Postoperative Prediction Model for Organ Dysfunction or Death Early After Cardiac Surgery: A Post Hoc Analysis of a Multicenter Randomized Trial. J Am Heart Assoc. 2026;15(14):e044394. doi:10.1161/JAHA.125.044394.
- Zampieri. Safety and outcomes of dapagliflozin initiation in critically ill patients with acute kidney injury: A post-hoc analysis of the DEFENDER trial. J Crit Care. 2026;96:155701. doi:10.1016/j.jcrc.2026.155701
- Trent. Video versus direct laryngoscopy for tracheal intubation in trauma: A secondary analysis of the DEVICE trial. J Trauma Acute Care Surg. 2026;101(2):359-365
- Goetze. Neuroprognostication after cardiac arrest in patients without withdrawal of life-sustaining therapy: a prospective observational multicenter study. Crit Care. 2026;30:391
- Trakarnvanich. Venous excess and lung ultrasound during continuous renal replacement therapy in critically ill patients (VExLUS-RRT): a prospective observational study. Ann Intensive Care. 2026;100129
- Misirlioglu Celik. Peptide-based versus standard polymeric enteral nutrition in the PICU: a multicenter observational study. Front Nutr. 2026;13:1824914
- Ramasamy. Non-operating theatre emergency tracheal intubation: a UK multicentre prospective observational study of rapid sequence induction drugs and adverse events. Anaesthesia. 2026;epublished July 29th
- Bertolet. Restrictive vs liberal transfusion strategy after myocardial infarction: a post hoc analysis of the MINT randomized clinical trial. JAMA Netw Open. 2026;9(7):e2624991
Guidelines
- A global consensus on the critical care management of acute-on-chronic liver failure patients: the APASL ACLF Beijing Position Paper. Hepatol Int 2026;epublished July 30th
- Balan. Choosing Wisely Canada climate-conscious recommendations for critical care medicine. Can J Anaesth. 2026;epublished July 21st
- Yu. STARDaki: a consensus-based STARD extension for standardized reporting of diagnostic accuracy in acute kidney injury. Intensive Care Med. 2026;epublished July 28th
- Colombo. Brazilian guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of candidemia and invasive candidiasis in adults and children. Braz J Infect Dis. 2026;30:105946
Reviews
Clinical
Neurological
- Webb. Antiseizure medication dosing and monitoring in the intensive care unit: a practical narrative review. Intensive Care Med 2026;epublished July 15th
- Ramanan. Prevention and management of ventriculitis among hospitalized patients. Curr Infect Dis Rep. 2026;28:17
- Gomez. Sufentanil in intensive care: a narrative review. J Clin Med. 2026;15(14):5684.
- Ganesh. Clinician grief, moral distress, and moral injury in traumatic brain injury care: an integrative narrative. Neurosurg Focus. 2026;61(2):E3
- Çetinkaya. The glymphatic system and neurosurgery: a comprehensive narrative review of current concepts and future directions. J Clin Med. 2026;15(14):5700
- Yan. Pathophysiology-driven neuroimaging: decoding brain injury in sepsis. Front Mol Neurosci. 2026;19:1840888
Circulation
- Rola. Understanding the Nuanced Concept of Hemodynamic Incoherence and Its Underlying Physiology. J Clin Med 2026;15(15):5811
- Chen. New Insights into Cardiac Intensive Care. Rev Cardiovasc Med 2026 Jul 24;27(7):49773
- Golino. Spontaneous coronary artery dissection and Takotsubo syndrome: converging mechanisms, diagnostic pitfalls, and a unified clinical algorithm. J Clin Med. 2026;15(15):5810
- Fabbri. Hypochloremia in older adults with heart failure: from pathophysiology to prognosis. J Clin Med. 2026;15(14):5750
- Salihu. Percutaneous coronary interventions: bleeding risk assessment and management. J Clin Med. 2026;15(14):5729
- Ren. The shifting boundary between invasive and non-invasive angiographic investigation in contemporary cardiology and cardiac surgery: an up-to-date narrative review. J Clin Med. 2026;15(14):5723
Resuscitation
Airway
Respiratory
- Wattley. JICS education: mechanical ventilation – physiology, mechanism and modes. J Intensive Care Soc 2026;epublished July 31st
- Mao. Reappraising traumatic brain injury and ventilator-associated pneumonia through the brain-lung-immune-microbiome axis. Front Neurol. 2026;17:1844556
- Merola. Pneumonia-driven ARDS: systemic injury, biological subphenotypes, and therapeutic implications. Crit Care Sepsis Severe Infect. 2026;1:7.
Liver
Renal
Sepsis & Infectious Disease
- Hernandez. Twenty-five years of septic shock hemodynamic resuscitation trials: a conceptual perspective. Crit Care 2026;30:400
- Kuppalli. A review of Bundibugyo virus and the 2026 outbreak: lessons for epidemic preparedness. Lancet Infect Dis. 2026;epublished July 31st
- Chooklin. Beyond the sepsis label: heterogeneity, subphenotypes, and the path to precision therapy. Crit Care Sepsis Severe Infect. 2026;1:8.
Trauma
- Widd. The resurgence of whole blood transfusion: evaluating microcirculatory evidence in hemorrhagic trauma care: a review. Transfus Apher Sci. 2026;65(4):104471
- Wu. The hidden battlefield: platelet function in the wake of severe trauma. Front Immunol. 2026;17:1830721
- Mock. 2026 Donald Trunkey Lecture: strengthening care for the injured globally: successes, challenges, opportunities. Trauma Surg Acute Care Open. 2026;11(3):e002462
Metabolic
Perioperative
- Hasheminia. Intraoperative atrial fibrillation in non-cardiac surgery: a narrative review of risk factors and management strategies. Rev Cardiovasc Med. 2026;27(7):51310
- Beyls. Myocardial strain in perioperative medicine: a practical review for anesthesiologists. J Clin Med. 2026;15(15):5927
- Pongpruksa. Physiologic and anesthetic considerations in robotic liver transplantation: implications and comparison with conventional liver transplantation. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth. 2026;epublished July 31st
Toxicology
Paediatrics & Neonatology
- Titherington. Continuous renal replacement therapy for septic shock: practicalities for a pediatric intensivist. Eur J Ped 2026;185(8):624
- Aziz. Pediatric invasive group A streptococcal disease: early recognition, rapid deterioration, and emergency department management. Curr Emerg Hosp Med Rep. 2026;14:20
- Abouelmagd. Pediatric gastrointestinal bleeding: emergency department evaluation and management of upper and lower GI hemorrhage. Curr Emerg Hosp Med Rep. 2026;14:19
Artificial Intelligence
Miscellaneous
- Shah. Triple M overlap syndrome in the intensive care unit: differential diagnosis and management. Crit Care 2026;30:395
- Xu. Chimeric antigen receptor-T cell therapy-induced cardiotoxicity: pathophysiological mechanisms and pharmacological intervention strategies. Pharmacol Res. 2026;230:108316
- Galeone. Reperfusion Strategies in Donation After Circulatory Death Heart Transplantation: An Up-to-Date Narrative Review. J Clin Med 2026;15(15):5947
- Carenzo. Emergency department medical care during civil unrest: a narrative review. Scand J Trauma Resusc Emerg Med. 2026;epublished July 21st
Editorials
- Salvagno. Oxygen exposure in patients with brain injury: beyond static thresholds. Neurocrit Care. 2026;epublished July 31st
- Lee. Nutritional Management in Intensive Care: From Nutritional Support to Personalized Nutritional Therapy. Nutrients 2026;18(14):2315
- Magoon. Cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome: the evolving perioperative implications. J Anaesthesiol Clin Pharmacol. 2026;42(3):313-315
- Mulleague. No rule, no accountability: why intensive care needs a statutory triage framework. J Intensive Care Soc. 2026;epublished August 1st
- Holloway. STEMI-DTU and DanGer Shock: questions that remain for Impella use in ST-elevation myocardial infarction. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth. 2026;epublished July 11th
- Bocchino. A structured approach to cardiogenic shock: integrating phenotyping, timely circulatory support, and regional care networks. Expert Rev Cardiovasc Ther. 2026;epublished July 31st
- Vazgiourakis. Cardiovascular diseases in the critically ill: bridging evidence gaps between cardiology and intensive care medicine. Biomedicines. 2026;14(7):1530
- Constantin. A small step for oxygenation, a giant leap for ICU liberation. Intensive Care Med. 2026;epublished July 27th
- Azoulay. The new pulse of sepsis and severe infection. Crit Care Sepsis Severe Infect. 2026;1:1.
Commentaries
- Chapple. Interpreting protein dose trials in critical illness: a guide for the bedside clinician. Crit Care. 2026;30:352
- Remondelli. Damage control surgery in large-scale combat operations: still a life-saving strategy or a bridge to nowhere? Trauma Surg Acute Care Open. 2026;11:e001995
- Uchino. Sequential Organ Failure Assessment–2 and the shift from observation-based scoring to contextual interpretation. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2026;212(8):1697-1699
- Boyle. Optimizing endpoints in early phase clinical trials of acute respiratory distress syndrome. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2026;212(8):1702-1709
- Miller. Developing a comprehensive haemodynamic ultrasound assessment for critical care: rationale and methodology from the FUSIC programme. J Intensive Care Soc. 2026;epublished July 31st
- Oppenheim. When end-of-life becomes the beginning of new life: application of the Society of Critical Care Medicine Clinical Practice Guidelines on adult end-of-life care in the ICU to the setting of donation after circulatory death. Crit Care Explor. 2026;8(8):e1458
Correspondence
- Hamilton. The illusion of causality: instruments, colliders, and acute kidney injury in sepsis. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2026;212(8):1860-1862
- Bünger. Re-evaluation of oxygenation and oxygen exposure in patients with ARDS and veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. Crit Care. 2026;30:399
- Mohamed. Examining the intersection of biologic sex and predicted body weight in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome. Crit Care. 2026;30:398
- Ford. A decade of SEP-1 compliance and sepsis mortality in the United States. Crit Care. 2026;30:396
- Chen. Beyond admission day: operative intent and physiological readiness in rapid chest wall reconstruction. Crit Care. 2026;30:394
- Zhou. Which RRT initiations does sodium bicarbonate prevent in severe metabolic acidemia? Crit Care. 2026;30:393
- Jonkman. New indexes, old habits: a comment on the EIT-derived flow index. Crit Care. 2026;30:392
- Ramírez-Guerrero. Sample size assumptions, timing asymmetries, and endpoint selection limit the interpretability of the CLEANSE hemoadsorption trial in septic shock. Crit Care. 2026;30:390
- Vidal. Intercontinental VA-ECMO transfer from Reunion Island for access to heart transplantation and durable mechanical support: a 15-year experience. Crit Care. 2026;30:389
Case Reports
- Chung. Surgical abdomen masked by metabolic crisis: fulminant ischemic colitis in severe diabetic ketoacidosis—a case report and literature review. Front Endocrinol 2026;17:1875153
- Bechir. A case of toxic epidermal necrolysis in an elderly female patient. SAGE Open Med Case Rep. 2026;14:2050313X261454197
- Kwok. “Left Main” pattern electrocardiogram: a diagnostic trap for cardiologists. JACC Case Rep. 2026;31(30):108547
- Stegmann. Managing aortic regurgitation and dynamic aortic thrombus in a patient with left ventricular assist device. JACC Case Rep. 2026;epublished July 29th
- Naeije. The cause of hypoxemia in pulmonary arteriovenous malformations. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2026;212(8):1700-1701
- Cao. The many ECG faces of Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome. JACC Case Rep. 2026;31(30):108905
I hope you find this newsletter useful.
Until next week
Rob
 Critical Care Reviews is a not-for-profit evidence dissemination platform.
Newsletter subscriptions directly support our work and make it sustainable.
Individual and unit subscriptions are available here.
🔴 You can update your subscription on the menu > newsletters > my subscription.
 


